Clary though, who was an actual Holocaust survivor, stood up for his show, saying that the Nazi stalags were very different from the concentration camps, and that the actual Nazis on Hogans Heroesas opposed to bumbling working stiffs like Klink and Schultzwere depicted as both malicious and idiotic. But during that year, CBS also debuted The Mary Tyler Moore Show and All In The Family. He recognized that a hit TV show can itself be a kind of prison. This was to prevent problems with continuity, and to allow the episodes to be shown in any order (it also makes prison life seem bleaker, and being winter adds even more of a menace whenever Klink or Schultz are being threatened with being sent to the Russian front). He seems to have recovered from nerve damage following back surgery. Sadly, Ivan Dixon passed away on 16th March 2008 at theageof 76due tokidney failurebut his legacy lives on. Two chevrons pointed down is an OberGefreiter, or (full) corporal. The Krag Jorgensen, used by the U.S. Military in the early 1900s, was most likely substituted for the Mauser, due to its general resemblance to the Mauser rifle, and the fact that the studio had them on-hand. In fact it still had a high ratings when it was canceled. Most likely, no one at either the network level or from the team at Bing Crosby Productions gave much thought to whether Rockets Or Romance would be the best way to bid farewell to Hogans Heroes. [5] Born in Until we can sneak a peek into parallel universes and see what our alternates are doing, here's the real reason Heroes was canceled (in this timeline, (When, oh when, will the Korean War finally meet the mother?). He also edits and writes articles for the IronSet blog where he shares his experiences. As the helmet used in the show differs in several respects from museum examples, it is probably a replica produced by the Props Department and not a real antique. I don't know if I would have survived if I really knew that. View Details 5. Werner Klemperer had a great sense of humor. I have no idea. So his superior, General Burkhalter (Leon Askin), commands him to move some prisoners to kitchen duty to fill in the gaps. Three chevrons pointed down is a HauptGefreiter, or senior corporal. It was the U.S. Army Air Corps from 1926 until June of 1941 (before the U.S. entered World War II). Langenscheidt (Jon Cedar) appears often in the first season and it seems likely it was originally envisioned that he and Sergeant Schultz would function as a Laurel and Hardy type pair but this never really developed. Ivan Dixonrose to the top of hiscareerat atimewhenblack actors were very few in mainstream media and thefilmindustry. He appears in season five as an apparition of Homer's subconscious in The Last Temptation Of Homer (1993). Two of them are near a resistance outpost, and Hogans been ordered to rendezvous with an operative there, to uncover and transmit the exact location to the Allies, wholl then blow up those two weapons. One year after Hogans Heroes was canceled, The Bob Newhart Show joined the lineup, along with M*A*S*H. Howard Caine, who played Major Hochstetter on Hogans Heroes, said that he could see the writing on the wall during that last year. A musician, especially a percussionist, from a young age, Bob Crane provided the drums for the show's theme song. Which they werent, because that wasnt something that was highly valued then. During the show's production, he insisted that Hogan always win against his Nazi captors, or else he would not take the part of Klink. Dixons exit fromHogans Heroeswas, therefore, a case of the films inability to reflect the realblack life. General Burkhalter (Leon Askin) had a scar on his face from an old duel. Crazy Credits Click to see full answer. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? John Banner died on his sixty-third birthday in Vienna, Austria, which was also his birthplace. The pilot episode featured Leonid Kinskey as a Russian prisoner, but the actor chose not to stick around for the rest of the series, because he said he was uncomfortable playing lets-pretend with people in Nazi garb. The "Hogan's Heroes" set was built on a section of the Desilu production lot called "40 Acres" in Culver City, California. Hogans Heroes existed in a kind of limbo. The discs are region-free. After Hogan's Heroes ended, he never played an outright evil villain again. "[6], John Banner as Sergeant Hans Schultz, the camp's first sergeant. what type of danger zone is needed for this exercise. However, Pain and Redemption: A Look at Merle Haggards Troubled Life. The occasional glitch does slip in. We may earn a commission from links on this page. When the contract was about to expire, Hogan's Heroes was renewed for another two seasons. He uses his wit and ingenuity in missions to counter the Nazis' battle plans. CBS DVD (distributed by Paramount) has released all six seasons of Hogan's Heroes on DVD in regions 1 and 4. He wasd in Charlotte. He had his best luck in dinner theater, touring the country. When the sitcom M*A*S*H ended, it wrapped with a two-and-a-half-hour event, watched by a record-breaking audience that tuned in to see how the men and women of the 4077th handled the end of the Korean War. Newkirk (Richard Dawson) is frequently seen smoking a cigarette. While Hogan and his men are outside digging ditches and complaining to Schultz, a man claiming to be a Luftwaffe general rolls up with a flat on his car, demanding that the prisoners change the tire, which Hogan refuses to do. In the movie, Dixon played James Kinchloe, a U.S. staff sergeant and communicationsofficerinchargeof the Germans prisoners-of-war held captive. Hogan's Heroes was initially contracted for five years, meaning all of the main characters signed a five-year contract when production started. The show was set in a German prisoner of war camp during World War II. Seasons three and four were on Saturday evenings, and season six's were on Sunday evenings. In its final season, Hogans Heroes aired on Sunday nights, right after Lassie and right before The Ed Sullivan Show and The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hourall relics from an earlier age. [21], Hogan's Heroes won two Emmy Awards out of twelve nominations. During the run of the show, he co-starred with Klemperer, Banner, and Askin in a Cold War farce called The Wicked Dreams Of Paula Schultz, and its failure would be a sign of things to come for Crane when he tried to branch out into movies. It was also caught up in the "rural purge", where advertisers complained that their products were selling in the rural areas and not the urban areas; they wanted shows that would sell their products in urban areas more. And we knew it.. Interestingly, when the show was being cast, The real-life Stalag XIII-C was a prisoner-of-war camp located in Hammelburg, Bavaria, the same area as the fictional Luft-Stalag 13 of the series, but other than the name and location, the two bore no resemblance to each other. After the series ended in 1971, the set remained standing until it was destroyed in 1974 while the final scene of Ilsa, She Wolf of the SS was filmed. It ran for 168 episodes (six seasons) from September 17, 1965, to April 4, 1971, on the CBS network, the longest broadcast run for an American television series inspired by that war. Schultz Of 'Hogan's Heroes,' Dies at 63", "Robert Clary a survivor in life and entertainment", "Hogan's Heroes star Richard Dawson dies", "Ivan Dixon: Kinchloe in 'Hogan's Heroes', "Kenneth Washington: Mini Wiki, Facts, Filmology", "John Banner aka "Sergeant Schultz" query", "In Germany Now, Col. Klink's Maid Cleans in the Nude", "WGA Fights Over Movie Rights to 'Hogan's Heroes', https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000fear/page/n3/mode/2up, "TV Guide and TV Land Join Forces To Count Down The 100 Most Unexpected TV Moments", "Hogan's Heroes: The Complete Series (Seasons 1 - 6)", "Fleer Hogan's Heroes 1965 Trading Card Set", "Hogan's Heroes Sing The Best of World War II", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hogan%27s_Heroes&oldid=1142011110, Television shows involved in plagiarism controversies, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The Complete Series (The Kommandant's Collection), Friday at 8:309:00p.m. on CBS: September 17, 1965 April 7, 1967; September 26, 1969 March 27, 1970, Saturday at 9:009:30p.m. on CBS: September 9, 1967 March 22, 1969, Sunday at 7:308:00p.m. on CBS: September 20, 1970 April 4, 1971, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 01:40. Sergeant Kinchloe. Kinchloe and Newkirk did all of the fake German orders, and provided most of the disguised German voices used on the telephone. The Miracle Character of the show was Sgt. Bob Crane starred as Colonel Robert E. Hogan, coordinating an international crew of Allied prisoners covertly running a special operations group from the camp. Its mainly a way to get people to tune in, at which point what really matters is what the creators of a show do to hold the audiences attention. The car seen leaving the camp in the opening credits and from time to time during the series, is a Mercedes model G4 Parade Car. Besides being in contact with London, Hogan had radio communications with a submarine, which was used to assist prisoners in escaping. -Robert Clary, Larry Hovis and Ivan Dixon could sing. The failed NBC series was once a powerhouse hit and an enormous influence for comic book television before it was canceled due to complications. With the death of Robert Clary on November 16, 2022, Kenneth Washington became the only surviving main cast member of the show left.[13][14]. Warner Klemperer's father had a famous rock and roll connection. Both had a clueless commanding officer (Klink, Binghampton) with inept side-kicks (Schultz, Carpenter). WhenIvan DixonleftHogans Heroes,many of the showsfanswere shocked to see him go in the midst of what they thought was a flourishing career. What are the two applications of bifilar suspension? They wanted to revamp their their offerings to appeal to more urban Werner Klemperer, who played Colonel Klink, married Louise Troy, who guest starred in three roles. In one episode, Carter claims to have accidentally blown up parts of his High School, including the balcony in the auditorium. The producers of Hogans Heroes included many details which were true to life. Leon Askin spent time in an internment camp in Meslay du Maine, France from September 1939 - February 12th, 1940 where he was a French prisoner. The series' other nominations were for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1966, 1967 and 1968; Bob Crane for Outstanding Continued Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Comedy Series in 1966 and 1967; Nita Talbot for Outstanding Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Comedy in 1968; and Gordon Avil for cinematography in 1968. 4 What happened on the last episode of Hogans Heroes? So they got rid of any show with trees in them. Crane was offered the role after appearing as "guy next door" types in television shows like The Dick Van Dyke Show and as a regular in The Donna Reed Show. camp. After making hisdebutin 1957 in the film,The Cave Dweller, he went on tostarin other major films such asA Raisin in the Sun, Nothing But a Man, andThe Final War of Olly Winter,among others. However, his entry into T.V. Quotes But its because Klinks such a dummkopf that hes able to maintain a perfect no escape record. Why was Hogans Heroes Cancelled? Several actors made guest appearances on both shows. From June 1941, until the U.S. Air Force was created separately from the Army in 1947, it was the U.S. Army Air Forces. WebHogan's Heroes star Cynthia Lynn died Monday at the age of 76, according to her daughter Lisa Brando. The opening credits validates it is the corner of Hogan's Barracks. Clary was Jewish in real life and was deported to a Nazi concentration camp, but survived by using his talent in singing and dancing in shows. In the series, Hogan states he is from Bridgeport, Connecticut, but on other occasions, German "intelligence" officers state that he was born and raised in Ohio. The judge found "striking difference in the dramatic mood of the two works. Crane was reportedly irritated that Klemperer won two Emmys for Hogans Heroes, while he himself was shut out the two times he was nominated. Dawson had originally been considered to play Hogan, and some people involved with the show said that Dawson resented Crane for being the star. The series ran on CBS through 1971. This is why homework is essential for scriptwriters. Bob Crane as Colonel Robert Hogan, the senior ranking POW officer and the leader of the men in the POW camp. But those slobs have to work fast and think on their feet, too, knowing that any moment could be the end. German film distributor KirchGruppe acquired the rights to this show, but did not broadcast it for many years, due to fears that it would offend viewers. Connections Colonel Bob Hogan (played by Bob Crane) gets word that the Germans are deploying a new secret weapon that could help win the war, and he and his fellow POWsan eclectic group of flyers from varied Allied Air Forcesscramble to distract and deceive the camps Kommandant, Colonel Klink (Werner Klemperer), and his right-hand man, Sgt. Even though Klink acts like a coward, his military decorations indicate he is a combat hero from World War I and World War II. Justified showrunner Graham Yost has admitted that they had no idea who the outlaw would turn out to be when the season started. In the second-season episode "Killer Klink", Sergeant Schultz states that the camp is 106.7 kilometres (66.3mi) away from his home in Heidelberg by direct flight; this is well reflective of Heidelberg's direct distance from the actual Hammelburg. Perhaps thats because all prison stories are figurative, at least to a degree. Though they claim in Royces book that they all got along reasonably well, resentments did fester the longer the show endured. By the fourth season, much of the snow on the roofs had been replaced by patches of white paint. Although in reality Hammelburg is well inland in Franconia, several first-season episodes place the camp closer to the North Sea (perhaps to make successful escapes to England more plausible). Given that they both aired on the same network, and nearly consecutively, its easy to compare Hogans Heroes to the far more respected wartime sitcom M*A*S*H; while M*A*S*H had a few more serialized elements, it too relied on broad comic types, and had a continuity so muddled that its like nobody in the writers room was paying the least bit of attention to it. Werner Klemperer played Colonel Wilhelm Klink, the gullible commandant of the camp, and John Banner played the blundering but lovable sergeant-of-the-guard, Hans Schultz. Its a symbiotic relationship, with Klink giving Hogan slack in order to maintain his illusion of control. But then after a few seconds, Klink's glower vanished and Werner's own mischievous smile appeared instead. Colonel Hogan's codename was "Goldilocks" in the series debut, contacting an underwater submarine in, The black and white pilot episode originally included a Russian character, who was played by. (In a rare interview on the Hogans Heroes DVD box set, Dawson dismisses that, saying that if hed been the star of the show, We wouldve been off in three episodes.) And while everyone liked Banner, his castmates were occasionally annoyed by his habit of underplaying his lines in rehearsal and then stealing scenes when the cameras were pointed in his direction. He has trained the guard dogs to be friendly towards the prisoners and uses the dogs' kennels as entrances for the prisoners' allies arriving at the camp. Now, Hogans Heroes co-creator Al Ruddy is developing a sequel to the 1960s series that will follow the descendants of the (Source: Bob Crane: The Definitive Biography, 2015). Spoofed in Mad Magazine as "Hokum's Heroes". The plot occurs during the permanent winter season in the fictionalized Stalag 13 just outside Hammelburg in Nazi Germany, though details in the show are inconsistent with the real-life camp and city's location in Franconia. They wanted to revamp their their However, the dessert was not invented until 1957. First aired with a title that translates roughly as 'Barbed Wire and Heels', it was soon renamed, somewhat more whimsically in German, to Ein Kfig voller Helden ("A Cage Full of Heroes"), to make it more relatable to the German viewer. In 1968, Clary, Dawson, Dixon, and Hovis recorded an album titled Hogan's Heroes Sing the Best of World War II, which included lyrics for the theme song. Nita Talbot (Marya) and Leon Askin (General Burkhalter) never appeared in an episode of Hogan's Heroes together. The conversation between Klink and Burkhalterand Schultz, whos in the room too, but promises to hear nuuuuh-think!is indicative of their usual dynamic. So yes there Throughout the series, Colonel Hogan and Sergeant Carter are said to be from the U.S. Air Force. To complicate matters even further, it is mentioned in several episodes (e.g. One episode features a chimpanzee. Due to the surprisingly small compound used for the exterior of Stalag 13, backs of exterior sets had multiple functions. Stalag XIII-C, and the nearby Oflag XIII-B (primarily used to house higher ranking officers), were overcrowded, lacking in basic amenities such as heat or running water, and the prisoners were kept in generally squalid conditions. In the mid-1970s, Hovis made appearances on the game show Match Game and the comedy series Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In alongside his Hogan's Heroes castmate Richard Dawson, and was a co-creator for Laugh-In as well. Andrey knows everything from warm-up to hard workout. With hisrolein the showbeing limited to staying in aprison campencoding and sending messagesDixon felt that as ablack actor, he was stereotyped as a person who could not play more influential roles in society. Schultz's rank is OberFeldwebel, the equivalent of Master Sergeant. what type of danger zone is needed for this exercise. Dawson was a heavy smoker, and would frequently smoke on screen as well as off screen. Interesting fact they were in the middle of writing season 7 when the show got the axe. Hogans Heroes was more in the tradition of a traditional newspaper comic strip, where gags recur year after year, and the characters never really age or change. Richard Baker, another African-American character but with a less prominent role. By the sixth and final season, with a smaller budget, most of the snow shown on the set was made out of paint. Both Schultz and Klink frequently refer to LeBeau as the cockroach, due to his small stature. For example, one of his bestperformances was in thecivil rights dramaNothing But a Man, in which he played the main lead. He knew little to no English but managed to find his footing anyway. WebEven before Hogan's Heroes was canceled in 1971, Hovis had already made appearances on other TV shows. Example, The motor pool where Klink's car was often serviced showed the 2x4 framing of what should have been the interior of a Baracks. In real life, John Banner said his wife's cooking was so good that this is why the once svelte Banner ballooned to over 250 pounds before he was hired for the show. Between 2005 and 2007 these same discs were packaged as individual complete-season collections. It was said in an article that one day he was at a restaurant in Los Angeles when his nervous waiter nearly dropped a saucer. How many deaths are caused by flu each year. Tom Brady to spare us his stand up comedy phase. He is painfully unaware of Hogan's operation and believes the camp has a perfect escape record under his command. You are planning an exercise that will include the m16 and m203. The failed NBC series was once a powerhouse hit and an enormous influence for comic book television before it was canceled due to Where to Watch: 5 episodes (3%) are available to stream on a subscription service (Philo). His birth name was originally Leo Aschkenasy. Other honorees included I Spy, Daktari, Star Trek and Mission Impossible. Hogan's work in the Pentagon Dates can be tricky when writers work on a narrative. It was first broadcast on German television in 1992, but the program failed to connect with viewers. Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change? Due to hissuccessin acting and T.V. [11] Dixon left the show prior to the final season and was replaced by Kenneth Washington as Sgt. Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change? How old was John Banner when he passed away? Not that the producers and cast werent aware that their time was up. [16], The theme music was composed by Jerry Fielding, who added lyrics to the theme for Hogan's Heroes Sing The Best of World War II an album featuring Dixon, Clary, Dawson, and Hovis singing World War II songs. This is also incorrect. Albert S. Ruddy, who co-created Hogans Heroes with Bernard Feinand later co-wrote one of the great prison films, The Longest Yardoriginally intended to set the sitcom in a regular American jail, but rewrote the script when he heard that NBC was developing a show called Campo 44, set in an Italian WWII POW camp. In real life, Klemperer was from a Jewish family (his father was the orchestral conductor Otto Klemperer) and found the role to be a "double-edged sword"; his agent initially failed to tell him the role of Klink was intended to be comedic. Leon actually got his scar from being beaten up by the SS just for being Jewish. The hook is important. Before Bob Crane was hired, according to Richard Dawson, Dawson himself was asked to play Col. Hogan, but he lacked confidence in his ability to mimic an American accent. However, after the dialogue was re-written to make the characters look even more foolish (which ensured that the viewers understood the characters were caricatures), the show became successful. Rockets Or Romance was written by Arthur Julian and directed by Marc Daniels (both TV lifers), and opens with a bit of drama like something out of The Bridge On The River Kwai. The right sleeve and part of the front was white. There are times they are said to be Army Air Corps. Howard Caine mastered 32 foreign and American dialects. Ruddy says he didnt have the temperament to treat writing like a 9-to-5 job, sitting in a conference room and coming up with stories and jokes for the same group of characters, week in and week out. The Stalag 13 outdoor set was located at the northwest corner of the Forty Acres backlot in Culver City, California, near Lucerne Avenue and Higuera Street, southeast corner. Werner Klemperer was the son of famed orchestral conductor Otto Klemperer. Actor Robert Clary is a French Jew who had been held in the Nazi concentration camps Ottmuth and Buchenwald, and still has his serial number tattooed on his arm. How did you use the result to determine who walked fastest and slowest? The artwork was provided by Henry Scarpelli. And thats where they placed us to kill us. As a teenager, Klemperer, the son of conductor Otto Klemperer, fled Hitler's Germany with his family in 1933. Although he largely disappears after season one, he does appear infrequently throughout the remaining run of the series, sometimes with a different name. Because Hogans Heroes wasnt serialized, episodes could run in any order, so the producers and the network decided The six-wheeled, three-axle vehicle had four wheel drive on the rear wheels (6 x 4) and was popular amongst the German Military elite. The show unfortunately was canceled with little notice while on hiatus from filming between seasons. Creator and producer Al Ruddy later went on to greater fame for being the producer of The Godfather, for which he won an Oscar for Best Picture in 1972. WebThe show was still very popular in its final season on the air, but CBS nevertheless canceled it. Dixons exit from Hogans Heroes was, therefore, a case of the films inability to reflect the real black life. Hogans Heroes was stuffed with colorful actors playing colorful characters, and they were all jostling for more airtime. ", "Cinema Retro Hosts Book Event for Authors Robert Crane and Christopher Fryer", "Werner Klemperer, Klink in 'Hogan's Heroes,' Dies at 80", "John Banner, the Sgt. He is mainly involved in weightlifting. He assumed the duties of Sergeant Kinchloe after Ivan Dixon left the series. Creators Bernard Fein and Al Ruddy pitched the show to CBS president William Paley, who was initially against having a comedy about Nazis, but after the two creators acted out the various characters in the pitch meeting and everyone in the meeting started laughing, Paley was won over. Early in the series' 1968 hiatus, the set was used in. That's when Dixon stated that had he known Hogan's Heroes would have only gone one more season, he would have stayed. Because of the elaborate network of tunnels and gadgets that the prisoners of Stalag 13 built, Hogan was able to come and go as he pleased from the camp; but always he had a job to do, which kept him from feeling free in the conventional sense. Some individual episodes had similar plots. Therefore, after he was hired to emcee a musical revue, he learned the language by sounding out his lines phonetically until he got the hang of it. The reason for the switch-out went unexplained on the show itself, again because Hogans Heroes wasnt serialized, and rarely acknowledged what had For other uses, see, "NAACP Will Present Nine Image Awards," Los Angeles Times, August 7, 1967, Kathleen Fearn Banks, Historical Dictionary of African-American Television, pp. For the first five seasons, Sergeant Carter wore a distinctive leather flight jacket. For six yearslonger than the American involvement in World War IIthe prisoners of Hogans Heroes Luftwaffe Stalag 13 fought the Nazis from deep inside enemy territory. Producers had to create the effect that there was always a snowy winter, unusual in warm Southern California but normal in the German winter. Ivan Dixon was replaced in the sixth season by Kenneth Washington, who played Sgt. is his real name. Colonel Klink tried to become a bookkeeper at the toy company after the war. Because their lineup was very rualized and catered to older viewers. Clary said in an interview with the Los Angeles Times, "Singing, entertaining, and being in kind of good health at my age, that's why I survived. After six highly successful seasons on "Hogan's Heroes," the well-received comedy was cancelled in 1971. Since Bill had already been impressed byDixonswork, he asked him to direct his show titledThe Bill Cosby Show (1970). Dogs appear in many episodes, and some are given names. Someone once said that the person who really controls the airwaves is whatever slob happens to be standing in the right spot when the light on top of the camera turns red. "The Safecracker Suite") that the nearest major city to the camp is Dsseldorf, which is also fairly far inland and by air is about 157 miles (253km) from the actual Hammelburg. That High School, Rutherford B. Hayes Polytechnic, is in Pennsylvania. Why did Kenneth Washington replace Ivan Dixon? Overall, his story is a lesson that we should not be afraid to make tough decisions in life, as long as we pursue fulfillment and purpose. Army. before landing the role of Sergeant Carter. estimates that its basic plot had been used 11 times before. would have gone on but the CBS network cancelled it. The various secret code names that Colonel Hogan and his outfit used, were fairy tale names of "Papa Bear", "Goldilocks", and "Little Red Riding Hood". In Stalag 13 it is always a snowy winter. Also, by 1971 CBS was in the process of changing its image, canceling its cornier programs and replacing them with more sophisticated fare. On March 8, 2016, CBS Home Entertainment re-released a repackaged version of the complete series set, at a lower price.[26]. Laugh track aside, the scene is very cinematic, with subtle camera moves and zooms; and the stand-off between Hogan and the officer is fairly tense, until Schultz gamely offers to change the tire, at which point its revealed that the officer is actually an agent of the underground, and that the whole confrontation has been a ruse to feed Hogan intel. John Banner created the character of Sergeant Schultz in 1965 and suggested that Jewish people play the main Germans. Even the most meticulously plotted-out modern series can be impacted by whats happening behind the scenes, by real-world events that bleed into the scripts, or even by the 21st-century equivalent of John Banner and Werner Klemperer being so entertaining that they demand more screen time. You are planning an exercise that will include the m16 and m203. In Royces book, several people who worked on the show are quoted as saying that BCP was eager to sell Hogans Heroes into syndication, which in those days didnt happen while a series was still running. All just another day at the office. This brings the prisoners in contact with many important VIPs, scientists, spies, high-ranking officers, and some of Germany's most sophisticated and secret weapons projects such as the Wunderwaffe and the German nuclear weapons program, of which the prisoners take advantage in their efforts to hinder the German war effort.
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