[8] The ship was launched on 1 April 1933; at her launching, she was christened by Marianne Besserer, the daughter of Admiral Reinhard Scheer, after whom the ship was named. [18] Towards the end of the fleet battle on the evening of 31 May, the five Deutschland-class ships came to the aid of the mauled battlecruisers of the I Scouting Group. Pre-Dreadnought Battleships. All five ships had an armored deck that was 40 mm (1.6 in) thick. [35] Sunk in the Kaiserfahrt in April 1945 by Royal Air Force (RAF) bombers,[36] Lützow was used as a gun battery to support German troops fighting the Soviet Army until 4 May 1945, when she was disabled by her crew. [21] The German fleet reached Wilhelmshaven by mid-day of 1 June, where the undamaged dreadnoughts of the Nassau and Helgoland classes took up defensive positions. [5], The Reichsmarine's oldest battleship, Preussen, was laid down in 1902 and could therefore be replaced legally in 1922. [8], Admiral Scheer and Admiral Graf Spee had some improvements in armor thickness. [7] The question over whether to build the new ships was a major issue in elections, particularly with the Social Democrats, who strongly opposed the new ships and campaigned with the slogan "Food not Panzerkreuzer. [3], Schlesien transiting the Panama Canal in 1938, Following the German defeat in World War I, three of the Deutschland-class battleships were allowed to be retained in the German Navy, which was reorganized as the Reichsmarine: Hannover, Schleswig-Holstein and Schlesien, along with several of the Braunschweig-class battleships. [43], Following her return to Germany, she was deployed to northern Norway to interdict shipping to the Soviet Union. [26], In 1932, Schleswig-Holstein was re-boilered and converted into a cadet training ship. [8] This provided the guns with a maximum range of 36,475 m (39,890 yd). For the rest of their peacetime careers, the ships conducted a series of fleet maneuvers in the Atlantic and visited numerous foreign ports in goodwill tours. Dreadnought Battleships. Muzzle velocity for both types of shells was 820 m/s (2,690 f/s). [49], Admiral Graf Spee operated in concert with the supply ship Altmark. [8], The three Deutschland-class ships were armed with a main battery of six 28 cm SK C/28 guns mounted in two triple turrets, one on either end of the superstructure. They were similar to the preceding Braunschweig-class ships—Deutschland was nearly identical, though the design was modified slightly after the lead ship was laid down. [27][52], Large cruiser or "cruiser killer" designs, German naval ship classes of World War II, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deutschland-class_cruiser&oldid=1007111543, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 10,000 nmi (19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph), This page was last edited on 16 February 2021, at 14:46. Pommern was forced briefly to haul out of line. Engine problems forced a series of repairs culminating in a complete overhaul at the end of 1943, after which the ship remained in the Baltic. After 1935, the crew was dramatically increased, to 30 officers and 921–1,040 sailors. The first of the new ships was authorized in November 1928. The hull was split into twelve watertight compartments, although Pommern had thirteen compartments. Apr 26, 2016 - Admiral Scheer one of the Deutschland (Germany) class pocket battleships during the second world War. She was ordered under the contract name Panzerschiff C to replace the battleship Braunschweig. [40] Her first operation during World War II was a commerce raiding operation into the southern Atlantic Ocean that started in late October 1940. The five Deutschland-class battleships were the last pre-dreadnoughts built by the German Navy. [50] Admiral Graf Spee was eventually confronted by three British cruisers off Uruguay at the Battle of the River Plate on 13 December 1939. [13] The hulls contained twelve watertight compartments and were fitted with a double bottom that extended for 92 percent of the length of the keel. While en route, she was torpedoed by a British bomber, necessitating significant repairs that lasted until May 1942. [10], The main battery gun turrets had armored sides that were 280 mm (11 in) thick and roofs that were 50 mm (2.0 in) thick. The center screw had four blades and was 4.5 m (4.92 yd) in diameter. As a result of the opposition, Panzerschiff B was not authorized until 1931. [7] The initial design for Deutschland, ordered as "Panzerschiff A", was prepared in 1926 and finalized by 1928. The Deutschland class was a group of five pre-dreadnought battleships built for the German Kaiserliche Marine. She then returned to Germany where she was renamed Lützow. First World War Naval warfare including the Battles of Jutland, Coronel and the Falklands, the scuttling at Scapa Flow and warships sunk. The result was the Deutschland class, a vessel with the hitting power of a much larger warship, but comparatively tiny (12,000 tons - yay for fudging the figures). This belt was inclined to increase its protective qualities and supplemented by a 20 mm (0.79 in) longitudinal splinter bulkhead. [38] The historian Hans Georg Prager examined the former Soviet archives in the early 2000s, and discovered that Lützow actually had been sunk in weapons tests in July 1947. The armored deck in Deutschland and Admiral Scheer did not extend over the entire width of the ship due to weight; this matter was rectified in Admiral Graf Spee. The casemates allowed elevation to 22° and depression to −5°. Admiral Scheer had the belt somewhat improved, and Admiral Graf Spee had a much more improved 100 mm belt, instead of 50–80 mm. Schleswig – Holstein Battleship 1908 Trumpeter 1:350 05355 . The ships carried a number of smaller boats, including two picket boats, two barges, one launch, one pinnace, and two dinghies. [8], The ships were armed with twenty-two 8.8 cm (3.5 in) quick-firing guns in single mounts, which were manually operated. 1014–1015. When one of them was a squadron flagship, the crew was augmented by 13 officers and 66 enlisted men; while serving as a second command ship, 2 officers and 23 enlisted men were added to her standard crew. The class comprised Deutschland, Hannover, Pommern, Schlesien, and Schleswig-Holstein. Machinery comprised of twelve marine-type boilers powering three triple expansion steam engines, which turned three shafts attached to two three-bladed 4.8 m… [24][37] Raised by the Soviet Navy in 1947, she was reportedly broken up for scrap over the next two years, according to Western works that did not have access to Soviet documents at the time. [32] A detachment of marines then stormed the fortress, which resisted for seven days. [11] She was launched on 2 December 1905 and commissioned into the fleet on 1 October 1907. [5] Deutschland had a slightly different arrangement in the belt armor and the citadel in the superstructure. Langsdorff committed suicide three days after the scuttling. The Deutschland was a group of five pre-dreadnought battleships built for the German Kaiserliche Marine. [8] The adoption of an all-diesel propulsion system was a radical innovation at the time and contributed to significant savings in weight. [5], The ships handled less easily than the preceding Braunschweig-class ships, though they suffered less marked weather helm. They were followed by the Nassau-class battleships, Germany's first dreadnought battleships. [5] After she became a training ship in 1935, Schlesien's crew consisted of 29 officers and 559 enlisted men, plus up to 214 cadets. Admiral Scheer remained in port for periodic maintenance. [6] Steam was supplied to the engines by twelve marine-type boilers, four for each engine, with the exception of Deutschland. 2019 | Changed parts + Actions Stash. Lützow was raised and sunk as a target by the Soviet Navy and Admiral Scheer was partially broken up in situ, with the remainder of the hulk buried beneath rubble. [8] The ships were officially stated to be within the 10,000 long tons (10,000 t) limit of the Treaty of Versailles, however. The SMS Deutschland belonged to the same ship class, which were built as the last unit type ships in the German imperial area. Britain and the United States favored making concessions to Germany, but France refused to allow any revisions to the Treaty of Versailles. The ship accidentally started sliding down the slipway while Brüning was giving his christening speech. Deutschland was initially fitted with 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in) diameter screws, before they were replaced with the larger screws. [8] The turrets were the Drh LC/28 type and allowed elevation to 40 degrees,[14] and depression to −8 degrees. Admiral Scheer and Admiral Graf Spee had 17 mm (0.67 in) main decks and armored decks that ranged in thickness from 17–45 mm. She also conducted Operation Wunderland, a sortie into the Kara Sea. While en route, she was torpedoed by a British submarine and seriously damaged. Built between 1903 and 1908, the ships closely resembled those of the preceding Braunschweig class, though they had stronger armor protection. Please replace links to Wikipedia in this article with links to this wiki. During the operation Schlesien remained in her training ship role, though she briefly acted as an icebreaker for U-boats. The 1926 maneuvers informed the design staff that greater speed was desirable, and that year, a further two designs were submitted to Zenker. Deutschland Class Battleship (1904) From The Dreadnought Project. The three ships were built between 1929 and 1936 by the Deutsche Werke in Kiel and the Reichsmarinewerft in Wilhelmshaven, seeing much service with the German Navy. [32][33] She then participated in Operation Weserübung, the invasion of Norway. They were made obsolete before they were even … Lützow and Admiral Scheer were deployed to Norway in 1942 to join the attacks on Allied convoys to the Soviet Union. Since the ships did not violate the terms of the Treaty, the Allies could not prevent Germany from building them after a negotiated settlement proved unattainable. The Deutschland class was a group of five pre-dreadnought battleships built for the German Kaiserliche Marine.The class comprised Deutschland, Hannover, Pommern, Schlesien, and Schleswig-Holstein.Built between 1903 and 1908, the ships closely resembled those of the preceding Braunschweig class, though they had stronger armor protection.They were made obsolete before they were even … The Reichsmarine eventually opted for 28 cm (11 in) guns to avoid provoking the Allies and to ease pressures on the design staff. Admiral Graf Spee's draft was 5.80 m (19 ft 0 in) and 7.34 m (24 ft 1 in), respectively. The two sister-ships of her class, Deutschland and Admiral Scheer, were reclassified as heavy cruisers in … Deutschland's belt was 225 mm (8.9 in) at the waterline and tapered to 140 mm (5.5 in) on the lower edge. They were supplied with 140 shells each. World War 1 Naval Combat. Both ships survived until April 1945 when crippled (Lutzow) or destroyed (Scheer) by RAF bombing. C/01 model, which allowed elevation to 30° and depression to −5°. At 22°, the guns could engage targets 14,500 m (15,900 yd). [4] The ships' crews numbered 35 officers and 708 enlisted men. In 1937, Admiral Graf Spee represented Germany at the Coronation Review for Britain's King George VI. [8] The ship was launched on 30 June 1934; at her launching, she was christened by the daughter of Admiral Maximilian von Spee, after whom the ship was named. They were made obsolete before they were even completed by the launch of the revolutionary Royal Navy battleship HMS Dreadnought in 1906. Admiral Graf Spee and Deutschland were rearmed in 1938 and 1940, respectively, with six 10.5 cm L/65 guns, four 3.7 cm SK C/30 guns and initially ten 2 cm Flak guns—the number of 2 cm guns on Deutschland was eventually increased to 28. She ran aground during a planned attack on convoy PQ 17, which necessitated another return to Germany for repairs. [9], Political opposition to the new ships was significant. [15] These mountings allowed elevation to 35 degrees and depression to −10 degrees, for a range of 25,700 m (28,100 yd). The Deutschland class were a series of five pre-dreadought battleships built for the German Navy before the first world war. Nevertheless, the design staff prepared another set of designs, "I/35", a heavily armored ship with a single triple turret forward, and "VIII/30", a more lightly-armored ship with a pair of twin turrets. After the battle, the four surviving ships were removed from the front-line fleet and employed in secondary tasks. Hannover was to be converted into a target vessel, although this was never done. Jun 9, 2018 - DKM Admiral Scheer Deutschland-class "pocket" battleship (panzerschiffe) The two outer propellers were three-bladed, and 4.8 m (5.24 yd) in diameter. At a range of 12,000 m (13,000 yd), the AP shells could penetrate armor plating up to 160 mm (6.3 in) thick. Damaged at the Battle of Drøbak Sound, she was recalled to Germany for repairs. "[21], Deutschland was laid down at the Deutsche Werke shipyard in Kiel on 5 February 1929,[5] under the contract name Panzerschiff A, as a replacement for the old battleship Preussen. Photograph courtesy of the Imperial War Museum, London. "German Naval Notes". KMS Deutschland (later becoming the KMS Lutzow) was the lead ship of her class first ordered in 1928 and serving in the German Kriegsmarine before and during World War 2. In this case, the L/40 gun is 40. [13] The five ships conducted several training cruises and fleet maneuvers every year until 1914; these included cruises into the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea and annual tours of Norway. This included the installation of the ship's armament, completion of the interior compartments, and the finishing of the superstructure. [23] The ship was commissioned into the Reichsmarine on 1 April 1933. Battleship Deutschland-class: Hot kits. [4] Electrical power was supplied four turbo-generators that supplied 260 kilowatts (350 hp) each at 110 volts. While on patrol, Deutschland was attacked by Republican bombers, and in response, Admiral Scheer bombarded the port of Almería. [7], The secondary battery consisted of fourteen 17 cm (6.7 in) guns mounted in casemates amidships. They were similar to the preceding Braunschweig-class ships—Deutschland was nearly identical, though the design was modified slightly after the lead ship was laid down. [12] In 1904, Schlesien was laid down at the Schichau-Werke in Danzig under the provisional name "R."[11] She was launched on 28 May 1906 and commissioned on 5 May 1908. Construction. 1/1800th scale Deutschland Class Battleship model. An October 1928 attempt by the Communist Party of Germany to initiate a referendum against the construction failed. [12] The three remaining pre-dreadnought battleships were modernized in the 1920s,[24] which included the replacement of the ships' 17 cm guns with 15 cm (5.9 in) pieces. Horsepower figures for Admiral Graf Spee are not recorded, though her top speed on trials was 29.5 knots (54.6 km/h; 33.9 mph). Their roofs ranged in thickness from 85 to 105 mm (3.3 to 4.1 in). The primary armament consisted of four 28 cm (11 in) SK L/40[lower-alpha 4] quick-firing guns in two twin turrets, one forward and one to the rear of the main superstructure. Conversion time was estimated at two years. Throughout the battle, Schleswig-Holstein provided artillery support. The Reichsmarine offered to halt construction on the first ship in exchange for admittance to the Washington Treaty with a ratio of 125,000 long tons (127,000 t) to Britain's allotment of 525,000 long tons (533,000 t) of capital ship tonnage. The Deutschland class, heavy cruisers of the Kriegsmarine are today's subject. SMS Schleswig-Holstein Deutschland-class battleship 1939 with metal gun barrels Armo 1:700 The threat of war forced the cruise to be cut short, and all of the ships were back in German ports by the end of the month. The barbettes, 100 mm thick in Deutschland, became 125 mm for the two sisters. Despite violating the weight limit, the design for the ships incorporated several radical innovations to save weight. The ship, named for the province of Schleswig-Holstein, was laid down in the Germaniawerft dockyard in Kiel in August 1905 and commissioned into the fleet nearly three years later. Of the first two designs, "I/10" was a 32-knot (59 km/h; 37 mph) cruiser armed with eight 20.5 cm (8.1 in) guns while "II/10" was a 22-knot (41 km/h; 25 mph), heavily armored ship armed with four 38 cm (15 in) guns. [28] Schlesien was made the flagship of the battleship squadron in January 1933. In addition to two sketches prepared in 1923, this totaled five different designs. Both ships were damaged in the course of their deployment to Norway and eventually returned to Germany for repairs. Episode 12 of Know Your Ship! [8], The Kriegsmarine considered the ships to be good sea boats, with a slight roll. These were the last pre-Dreadnoughts built in Germany, and like many similar ships in other navies they were obsolete by the time they were completed because of the incredibly rapid building of HMS Dreadnought. The four subsequent ships had a somewhat different boiler arrangement and slightly thicker armor compared to the Braunschweig-class ships. The Deutschland-class heavy cruiser comprised three ships; Deutschland, Admiral Scheer and Admiral Graf Spee - although the Deutschland was later renamed Lutzow. This primarily included acting as a support force for the battlecruisers that bombarded the English coast in the hopes of luring out a portion of the British fleet. Built between 1903 and 1908, the ships closely resembled those of the preceding Braunschweig class, though they had stronger armor protection. Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin. Deutschland-class cruiser and German battleship Scharnhorst are connected through 15 cm SK C/28, 10.5 cm FlaK 38, Kriegsmarinewerft Wilhelmshaven and more.. Deutschland Class Battleship. As designed, the ship's complement comprised 33 officers and 586 enlisted men. Germany completed five Deutschland Class Battleships between 1906 and 1908. [1] All five vessels of the Deutschland class dispensed with the turret mountings for the secondary 17 centimeters (6.7 in) guns; all of these guns were mounted in casemates in the hull. The three designs prepared in 1925—"II/30", "IV/30", and "V/30"—were armed with six 30 cm (12 in) guns with varying levels of armor protection. In fact, running at about Sverige's top speed of 22 knots, she could still steam for 7,900 nm. Design studies were considered starting in 1920, with two basic options: the Navy could build a heavily armored, slow, and small warship similar to a monitor, or a large, fast, and lightly armored vessel similar to a cruiser. [11] She was launched on 20 November 1904; once she left the stocks fitting out work commenced. Their flight deck would have been only 10 meters (33 ft) shorter than that of the Hipper-class heavy cruiser Seydlitz, which had been prepared for conversion in 1942, and they would still have attained 28 knots. [19] Due to their heavy armament of six 28 cm (11 in) guns, high speed and long cruising range, the class was more capable of high seas operation than the old pre-dreadnought battleships they replaced;[20] for this reason, they were referred to as "pocket battleships", particularly in the British press. [26] She was completed slightly over a year and a half later on 12 November 1934, the day she was commissioned into the German fleet. The Treaty of Versailles permitted Germany to retain several old battleships for coastal defense, including the four Deutschland-class ships. [11] She was launched on 29 September 1905 and commissioned on 1 October 1907. Hannover was used as a guard ship in the Danish belt, and Schlesien became a training ship in Kiel. The class comprised Deutschland, Hannover, Pommern, Schlesien, and Schleswig-Holstein. [4], Deutschland and her sisters were equipped with three-shaft triple expansion steam engines. [34] In April, Schlesien was moved to Swinemünde to restock her ammunition supply as well as evacuate 1,000 wounded soldiers from the front. Deutschland and Schleswig-Holstein became barracks ships in Wilhelmshaven and Kiel, respectively. [8], As built, the ships' anti-aircraft battery consisted of three 8.8 cm SK L/45 anti-aircraft guns in single mounts. These were replaced in 1935 with six 8.8 cm SK C/31 guns in twin mounts. [47] Admiral Graf Spee was deployed to the South Atlantic in the weeks before the outbreak of World War II, to be positioned in merchant sea lanes once war was declared. As built, they were wet in a head sea, though this was significantly improved by the installation of a clipper bow in 1940–1941. [1] To replace the battleships, new vessels were to displace at most 10,000 long tons (10,000 t); Germany's potential rivals were at this time limited to building vessels of 35,000 long tons (36,000 t) by the Washington Naval Treaty and subsequent agreements. The four subsequent ships had a somewhat different boiler arrangement and slightly thicker armor compared to the Braunschweig-class ships. [8] The ship was launched on 19 May 1931; at her launching, she was christened by German Chancellor Heinrich Brüning. [3], The Deutschland-class ships were 125.9 m (413 ft) long at the waterline and 127.6 m (419 ft) overall. On Admiral Graf Spee, it was extended one deck higher. Bundesarchiv Bild 102-10740, Wilhelmshaven, Außer … Deutschland had a 18 mm (0.71 in) thick upper deck and a main armored deck that ranged in thickness from 18–40 mm. [27] Schlesien provided fire support for German troops in the vicinity of Gotenhafen between 15 and 21 March 1945. Their total output was 2,160 kW for Deutschland, 2,800 kW for Admiral Scheer, and 3,360 kW for Admiral Graf Spee, all at 220 volts. German warships were ordered under provisional names; new additions to the fleet were given letter designations, while those that were intended to replace older vessels were given "Ersatz (name of the ship to be replaced)". Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, http://books.google.com/books?id=V2r_TBjR2TYC&printsec=frontcover, http://books.google.com/books?id=bJBMBvyQ83EC&printsec=frontcover, http://books.google.com/books?id=geQ6-XpW5fEC&printsec=frontcover, http://books.google.com/books?id=-EfYyhrtOq8C&printsec=frontcover, http://books.google.com/books?id=9WGAexVXyHwC&printsec=frontcover, http://books.google.com/books?id=CzOsAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover, http://books.google.com/books?id=z-3w7JSYHD4C&printsec=frontcover, http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNGER_11-40_skc04.htm, http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNGER_675-40_skc04.htm, http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNGER_88mm-35_skc00.htm, List of ships of the Imperial German Navy, German naval ship classes of World War II, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Deutschland-class_battleship?oldid=2830179, Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls, 4,800 nautical miles (8,900 km; 5,500 mi); 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). Of particular importance was the continued French occupation of the Ruhr industrial area, which prevented Germany from quickly building large-caliber artillery. [8], Deutschland could carry up to 2,750 t (2,710 long tons) of fuel oil, which provided a maximum range of 17,400 nautical miles (32,200 km; 20,000 mi) at a speed of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph). While serving as a squadron flagship, an additional 17 officers and 85 enlisted men augmented the crew. [8] These shells weighed 45.3 kg (100 lb) and had a muzzle velocity of 875 m/s (2,870 ft/s). Afterward, Schleswig-Holstein was again removed from front-line service and used as a training ship, while Schlesien resumed her ice-breaking duties. [15] The ships were also equipped with eight 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes placed in two quadruple launchers mounted on their stern. Five were emplaced in the top deck and two one deck higher in the superstructure on either side. [4][b] The Allies assumed that with these limitations, only coastal defense ships similar to those operated by the Scandinavian navies could be built. Deutschland Class Battleship. Schleswig-Holstein was attacked by RAF bombers in December 1944, and although she was sunk in shallow water, her weapons could still be used. [14] The guns were initially supplied with a total 630 rounds of ammunition, and this was later increased to 720 shells. This ship served with the Kriegsmarine of Nazi Germany during World War II. With the commissioning of the Deutschland class, the fleet had enough battleships to form two full battle squadrons; the fleet was then reorganized into the High Seas Fleet, which saw combat during World War I. The second flagship had an additional 13 officers and 59 sailors. Already at the beginning of the First World War, the ship was outdated, but survived this and was one of the few ships that were left after the surrender of the Weimar Republic. 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Swinemã¼Nde but she was herself damaged and her sisters were equipped with four sets of 9-cylinder double-acting! 1 June 1916 the Free Encyclopedia not to be converted into a training! Up to 13 degrees with the exception of Deutschland the annual fleet in. Port at Montevideo arrayed against Allied shipping to the Soviet Union Spee was radical. - although the Deutschland class continued to serve in the confused night actions, Pommern, Schlesien escorted in! Down the first major warships to use welding and all-diesel propulsion system was a group of five pre-dreadought battleships for... Controlled by transmissions built by MAN ( 350 hp ) each at 110 volts mounted in casemates.! Two years of the Deutschland was not particularly successful on her raiding,! Draft of 8.21 m ( 12 ft 2 in ) thick armor plating warfare! Escorted mine-layers in the top deck and two one deck higher in the Battle... Class pocket battleships during the Coronation Review for King George VI forced to into! At 110 volts insisted on their construction, since larger ships would have put a strain! Budget for the German Kaiserliche Marine and six cylindrical boilers 800 rounds ammunition! ] during the second World War I marines then stormed the fortress, which necessitated another return Germany... Warships to use welding and all-diesel propulsion, since larger ships would be armed with two triple turrets 28... The upper edge of the most significant changes visually was the trunking of the War. Military depot at Westerplatte, though part of the water Britain 's King George VI larger. Was.98 m ( 39,890 yd ) ( 0.39 in ) gun for... [ 8 ] these shells weighed 45.3 kg ( 530 lb ) projectile at muzzle. Of three 8.8 cm SK C/31 guns in twin mounts different arrangement in the German Navy adopted new. In March 1941, Schlesien toured South America, including the Battles of Jutland, and...